This example demonstrates how pointer arithmetic works with arrays. When arithmetic operations are performed on a pointer, the address changes based on the size of the datatype it points to.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int arr[] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
    int *ptr;

    ptr = arr;

    printf("ptr       = %p\n", ptr);
    printf("ptr + 1   = %p\n", ptr + 1);
    printf("ptr + 2   = %p\n", ptr + 2);

    printf("*ptr       = %d\n", *ptr);
    printf("*(ptr + 1) = %d\n", *(ptr + 1));
    printf("*(ptr + 2) = %d\n", *(ptr + 2));

    return 0;
}

Output:

ptr       = 0x7ffc...
ptr + 1   = 0x7ffc...
ptr + 2   = 0x7ffc...

*ptr       = 10
*(ptr + 1) = 20
*(ptr + 2) = 30

ptr points to the first element of the array.

When 1 is added to an integer pointer, the address increases by sizeof(int) bytes, not by 1 byte.

ptr + 1 points to the next integer element in the array.
ptr + 2 points to the element after that.

Dereferencing the pointer using * accesses the value stored at that location.

Pointer arithmetic depends on the datatype associated with the pointer. The compiler uses the pointer type to calculate the correct memory offset.