A nested if statement places one if statement inside another. The inner condition is evaluated only when the outer condition is true.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int number = 10;

    if (number > 0)
    {
        if (number % 2 == 0)
        {
            printf("The number is positive and even.\n");
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Example Output #

The number is positive and even.

Explanation #

The outer if checks whether number is positive:

if (number > 0)

Since the condition is true, execution enters the outer block and evaluates the inner if:

if (number % 2 == 0)

The % operator produces the remainder after division. Since 10 % 2 is 0, the inner condition is also true and the printf() statement executes.

The inner if therefore depends on the outer if being satisfied.