The if-else statement provides two alternative execution paths. The if block is executed when its condition evaluates to true; otherwise, the else block is executed.

This allows a program to perform one action when a condition is satisfied and a different action when it is not.

Source Code #

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    int number = 7;

    if (number % 2 == 0)
    {
        std::cout << "Number is even.\n";
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "Number is odd.\n";
    }

    return 0;
}

Output #

Number is odd.

Explanation #

• The if statement evaluates the condition number % 2 == 0.
• The modulus operator (%) calculates the remainder when number is divided by 2.
• If the remainder is 0, the condition evaluates to true, and the if block is executed.
• If the condition evaluates to false, the else block is executed.
• The else statement does not have a condition of its own; it represents the alternative execution path.
• Only one of the two blocks is executed for a given evaluation of the if-else statement.
• Curly braces ({}) define the statements belonging to each branch.
• return 0; terminates the program successfully.